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For CFOs

Audit your bank's FX markup before you approve the next payment.

Your bank may show “no fee” on international payments while earning margin inside the rate. This guide shows finance teams how to make that margin visible before the next approval.

Built for businesses with £1M+ equivalent annual FX exposure and recurring international supplier, customer, or treasury payment flows.

FX audit framework

  1. 1Mid-market referenceA market reference at the time of execution — not the rate on the confirmation alone.
  2. 2Applied rateThe rate your bank or platform actually used on the instruction.
  3. 3Spread calculationThe percentage difference between reference and applied rate.
  4. 4Annual economicsSpread applied to volume, plus fees, deductions, and finance time.

The spread is often the largest line item — and the least visible.

Most businesses never calculate effective FX spread on business payments. The ones that do usually find the cost is larger than expected — because it never appears as a named fee on the statement.

This is an internal audit method for finance teams. It is not a promise about future pricing from any provider.

Four-step bank FX audit

01

Pull recent payment confirmations

Collect 12–16 international payments with execution timestamp, currency pair, applied rate, debit amount, and credited amount where shown.

02

Record mid-market at execution

Match each payment to a market reference at the same date and time window. Stay consistent across the sample.

03

Calculate spread per payment

Spread (%) = ((mid-market − applied) ÷ mid-market) × 100, adjusted for pair direction as needed. Note outliers by corridor.

04

Extrapolate annual economics

Multiply average spread by annual FX volume. Add visible fees, estimated deductions, and internal reconciliation time.

Worked example (illustrative)

£50,000 GBP→USD. Mid-market 1.2650. Applied 1.2350. Spread ≈ 2.37% → about £1,185 of margin embedded in the rate, with no separate FX fee line on the statement.

FX audit checklist

  • Payment confirmations with rate and timestamp
  • Consistent mid-market source for the sample
  • Spread % per payment and by corridor
  • Average spread × annual FX volume
  • Visible wire or platform fees
  • Beneficiary short-receipt or deduction cases
  • Internal hours matching invoices, FX, and payout
  • Comparison of total economics vs alternative models

Do not stop at “lower fee”

Weak comparison

  • Quoted online rate
  • Marketing comparison tables
  • Single sample without timestamp
  • Ignoring deductions

Serious CFO comparison

  • Executable rate at payment size
  • Final received amount
  • Route and beneficiary-bank handling
  • Payment proof and references
  • Reconciliation effort
  • Support ownership on exceptions

Next reads for finance teams

Benchmark data

Use published provider ranges as context — then validate on your corridors.

B2B FX markup report · B2B FX platforms compared

Pricing and FX operations

Connect audit results to how your business actually pays suppliers.

Pricing · Foreign Exchange

Provider comparisons

Compare operating fit, not only headline rate.

Provider comparison hub

Working capital timing

Spread is only part of total treasury cost.

Hidden cost of T+2

FAQ

Where is bank FX markup hidden?

It is usually embedded in the exchange rate on the payment confirmation rather than shown as a separate fee. Finance must compare the applied rate to a market reference at execution time.

What reference rate should I use?

Use a reputable mid-market or interbank reference for the payment timestamp. Be consistent across all payments in the audit sample.

Should I compare only the spread percentage?

No. Also review transfer fees, route deductions, final received amount, reconciliation effort, and payment timing impact on operations.

How do I use the result internally?

Build an annual FX economics view finance can defend: average spread, worst corridors, and total cost including operational friction — then compare provider models on that basis.

Related CFO pages

For CFOsHidden cost of T+2Stop paying suppliers earlyAudit bank FX markupDemurrage and dead capitalFX markup reportB2B FX platforms comparedPricingForeign ExchangePay-OutDemurrage calculator
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Unicorn Currencies Limited is registered with FINTRAC as a Money Services Business and registered with the Bank of Canada as a Payment Service Provider under the Retail Payment Activities Act. UK services are provided by Unicorn Currencies Ltd as a corporate intermediary through authorised partners where regulated payment or e-money services are required. Legal and regulatory information.